Forensic toxicology is the analysis of alcohol, poisons and drugs present within the body fluids and the analysis of those results that are generally used in the court of law. Alternatively, it can be said that it is the use of toxicology in addition to several other disciplines such as pharmacology and analytical as well as chemistry in medico investigations of poisoning, death and drug use. The detection of drugs and other substances (toxic substances) available in the biological samples are concluded first by the initial screening after that a further verification of the correct compound as well as the quantification of the compound.

The kind of method for testing and investigation primarily depends on nature of the substance and the category of sample that is used for testing. In the biological samples, various complex factors such as the matrix effect, conjugation of the compounds and metabolism have to be considered. The forensic toxicology aims at discovering the compound statistics of the substance too, in addition with their concentrations.

In addition to the forensic toxicology, environmental toxicology is also available which is mainly refers to the study of scientific effects on the organisms, which the anthropogenic compounds may have once released in the natural environment. Typically, environment toxicology includes the study of the environmental chemicals on the human beings particularly.

Environmental toxicology aims in determining the interaction of the environmental pollutants with the cellular functions and gives birth to long lasting sever health effects in vertebrate. It depends upon the organisms studied and involves the toxicity of the individual chemicals and their interactive effects, mutagenicity, genotoxicity and the immunotoxicity testing.